KARAKTERISTIK PENURUNAN DASAR LAUT PERAIRAN TELUK JAKARTA

Yudi Darlan, Ildrem Syafri, Vijaya Isnaniawardhani, Adjat Sudradjat

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.32693/jgk.18.1.2020.645

Abstract


Penurunan permukaan tanah wilayah pesisir Teluk Jakarta diyakini sebagai dampak dari pembangungan. Dari tahun 1974 sampai dengan 2010 telah terjadi penurunan permukaan tanah di sejumlah daerah DKI Jakarta antara -0.25 m dan -4.1 m. Kawasan perairan Teluk Jakarta sebagian besar masih dalam kondisi alamiah, belum mengalami beban pengembangan yang dapat menimbulkan penurunan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menghitung penurunan dasar laut Teluk Jakarta melalui pendekatan tektonik, lingkungan, dan kosolidasi  sedimennya sebagai penyebab penuruan. Metode yang digunakan adalah pengembangan data sedimen inti bor dan rekaman sesimik pantul dangkal meliputi analisis besar butir, mikrofauna, pentarihan umur radiokarbon C14 dan analisis srtatigrafi seismik. Hasilnya penurunan lapisan sedimen perairan Teluk Jakarta telah terjadi sejak masa ribuan tahun yang lalu (Late Glacial Maximum, LGM). Penurunan tersebut terjadi akibat adanya gerakan vertikal lapisan sedimen (tektonik) dan konsolidasi sedimen. Penurunan lapisan sedimen di wilayah barat antara 0.1m dan 0.3m pertahun, dan 0.4m dan 0.5m pertahun di wilayah timur Teluk Jakarta. Kecepatan pengendapan sedimennya berkisar antara 0.57cm dan 1,84cm pertahun lebih kecil dari penurunan. Jika terjadi gangguan pada lapisan sedimen pasir maka penuruan dasar laut perairan barat Teluk Jakarta cenderung akan meningkat. Pengembangan perairan Teluk Jakarta untuk pembangunan infrastruktur sebaiknya mengikutsertakan data dan informasi geologi kelautan untuk memperkecil resiko dampak penurunan.

Kata kunci: karakteristik, penurunan, dasar laut, perairan, Teluk Jakarta

 

Land subsidence of the Jakarta Bay coastal area has been supposed to be as the impact of coastal development. From 1974 to 2010 land subsidence occurred in a number of DKI Jakarta areas between -0.25 m and -4.1 m. The Jakarta Bay waters is in most natural condition which has no records of subsidence as an impact of the development. This research aims to estimate seabed subsidence rate of the Jakarta Bay waters through approaches such as tectonics, sedimentary environments, and consolidation of sediment as causes of the subsidence. The method used in this research is improvement data of sediment cores and reflection seismic records through particle size analyses of sediment, microfossil analyses, radiometric dating C14, and seismic stratigraphy analyses. Results, the accidents of seabed subsidence of the Jakarta Bay waters has been occurred since last thousands years (Late Glacial Maximum, LGM). The subsidence occurred due to vertical movement of sediment layers and consolidation. The subsidence of sediment layer for west area between 0.1m and 0.3 per a year and between 0.4m and 0.5m per year for eats area of the Jakarta Bay waters. Depositional rates of its sediment between 0.57cm and 1.84cm per a year that are less than subsidence. If there is disruption in the sand sedimentary layer, seabed subsidence for western area of the Jakarta Bay will progressively increase. The development of the Jakarta Bay waters for coastal infrastructures marine geological data and information should be included in order to minimize risks of subsidence impact. 

Keywords: Characteristic, subsidence, seabed, waters, the Jakarta Bay.


Keywords


karakteristik;penurunan;dasar laut;perairan;Teluk Jakarta

Full Text:

PDF

References


Abidin, H.Z., H. Andreas, I. Gumilar, M. Gamal, Indonesia, Y. Fukuda dan T. Deguchi, 2009. Land Subsidence and Urban Development in Jakarta (Indonesia). 7th FIG Regional Conference Spatial Data Serving People: Land Governance and the Environment – Building the Capacity Hanoi, Vietnam, 19-22 October.

Anonim, 2014 Penelitian Lingkungan dan Bahaya Geologi Kelautan (Amblesan Lapisan Sedimen) untuk mendukung Infrastruktur di Teluk Jakarta. Dinas Perindustrian dan Energi Provinsi DKI Jakarta.

Badley M.E.,1980. Practical Seismic Stratigraphy: International Human Resources Development Corporation, Boston, 266p.

Bishop, M.G., 2000. Petroleum systems of the Northwest Java Province, Java and offshore Southeast Sumatra, Indonesia: Open file report, U. S. Geological Survey, 34pp.

Dewi K.T., Darlan Y., Muller A., Kapid R., 2007. Micropaleontological and Sedimentological Reconstruction of Late Holocene Coastal Environments in Indramayu, West Java, Indonesia Advances in Geosciences: Volume 12: Ocean Science (OS), 179-195

Fauzielly, L., 2013. Recent Marine Bottom Environment And Ostracod Fauna in Jakarta Bay, Indonesia, Thesis Doctor, Shimane University, Japan.

Folk R.L., 1968, Petrology of sedimentary rocks: Hemphill, Austin Texas, 170p.

Friedman, G.M., 1967, Dynamic processes and statistical parameters compared for size siz frequency distribution of beach and river sands. Jour. Sed. Petrology, v.37:327-354

Gafoer S, dan Samodra, 1993; Peta Geologi Lembar Jakarta Sekala 1: 1 000 000. Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Geologi. Bandung

Hall, R., 2014. The origin of Sundaland. Procedings of Sundaland Resources 2014. MGEI Annual Convention, 17-18 November 2014, Palembang, South Sumatra, Indonesia.

Hanebuth T.J.J., Stattegger K., dan Saito Y., 2002. The stratigraphic architecture of the central Sunda Shelf (SE Asia) recorded by shallow-seismic surveying. Geo-Mar Lett (2002) 22: 86–94, DOI 10.1007/s00367-002-0102-1

Jurnaliah L., Winantris, dan Fauzielly L., 2017. Metode Kuantitatif Foraminifera Kecil Dalam Penentuan Lingkungan. Bulletin of Scientific Contribution, Volume 15, Nomor 3,: 211 – 216

Khani H.F. dan Back S., 2015. The Influence of Differential Sediment Loading and Compaction on The Development of A Deltaic Rollover. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 59, 136-149.

Martodjojo S. dan Djuhaeni, 1996. Sandi Stratigrafi Indonesia Edisi 1996, Ikatan Ahli Geologi Indonesia

Patmosukismo S. dan Yahya I., 1974. The basement configuration of the Northwest Java area. Proceeding of the 3third Annual Convention, Indonesian Petroleum Association, pp 129-152

Reminton, C. H., and Pranyoto, U., 1985, A hydrocarbon generation analysis in Northwest Java Basin using Lopatin's method: Proceedings of the Fourteenth Annual Convention Indonesian Petroleum Association, v. 2, p. 122-141.

Rimbaman, R. 1990, The Role of Sea - Level Changes On The Coastal Environment of Northern West – Java, Case Study of Eretan, Losarang and Indramayu,

Rohde R.A., (2016, November). Post-Glacial Sea Level Rise. Reference. Diakses dari https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:HoloceneSeaLevel.png. Selasa 16/10/2018/17.30

Sangree, J.B. and J.M. Wiedmier, 1979, Interpretation Facies From Seismic Data: Geophysics 44, No.2, 131p.GRDC.

Sathiamurthy E dan Rahman M.M., 2017. Late Quaternary paleo fluvial system research of Sunda Shelf: A review. Bulletin of the Geological Society of Malaysia, Volume 64, December 2017, pp. 81 – 92

Sathiamurthy E dan Voris H.K., 2006. Maps of Holocene Sea Level Transgression and Submerged Lakes on the Sunda Shelf. The Natural History Journal of Chulalongkorn University, Supplement 2: 1–43.

Setyawana, A., Y. Fukudab, J. Nishijimac, and T. Kazamab, 2014. Detecting Land Subsidence Using Gravity Method in Jakarta and Bandung Area, Indonesia. International Conference on Tropical and Coastal Region Eco-Development 2014(ICTCRED 2014). Procedia Environmental Sciences 23 (2015) 17 – 26.

Shen, Z., N.H. Dawers, T.E. Tornqvist, N.M. Gasparini, M.P. Hijma , and B. Mauz., 2016. Mechanisms of late Quaternary fault throw-rate variability along the north central Gulf of Mexico coast: implications for coastal subsidence. Basin Research 1–14, doi: 10.1111/bre.12184

Tjia H.D., 1995. Quarternary paleogeography of Indonesia with special reference to East Indonesia. Paper presented in “The Mesozoic in the Eastern Part of Indonesia” Symposium and Workshop. Jakarta. March 21–22.

Verstappen. H.Th., 1973; A geomorphological reconnaissance of Sumatera and adjacent islands (Indonesia). Wolters-Noordhoff Publishing Groningen.

Wong H.K, Ludamann T., Haft C., dan Paulsen A.M., 2003. Quaternary Sedimentation in the Molengraff Paleo-Delta, Northern Sunda Shelf (Southern South China Sea). SEPM (Society for Sedimentary Geology), ISBN 1-56576-086-7, p. 201–216.

Yulianto E., Hutasoit L.M., Pindratno H., W. S. Sukapti W.S., dan Hirakawa K., (2016 Oktober 19). Plio-Pleistocene Boundary in Jakarta : Micropaleontological analysis. Diakses dari http:// www.geocities.ws/ ekoy001 /foram-rev-2-web.htm. Jumat:/20/12/19/17.42 WIB




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.32693/jgk.18.1.2020.645

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Terakreditasi oleh: Direktorat Jenderal Penguatan Riset dan Pengembangan, Kemenristek Dikti