Variabilitas Bulanan Thermal front di Wilayah Pengelolaan Perikanan Republik Indonesia 714 (Laut Banda)

Annisa Aulia Lukman, Gandhi Napitupulu, Ayi Tarya, Widodo Pranowo, Rahaden Bagas Hatmaja, Ahmad Dhuha Habibullah

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.32693/jgk.23.1.2025.897

Abstract


Penelitian tentang sebaran spasial thermal front di perairan Indonesia pada dasarnya telah banyak dilakukan. Namun, kajian yang secara khusus menganalisis dinamika thermal front akibat arus sejajar pantai, yang memicu fenomena Ekman pumping, dan arus eddy masih terbatas. Arus sejajar pantai dapat memicu Ekman pumping, sedangkan Ekman pumping dan eddy mesoskal dapat menyebabkan naiknya massa air bersuhu rendah dari lapisan bawah ke permukaan laut. Proses ini memicu pembentukan thermal front, yang banyak ditemukan di Laut Banda. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis variabilitas bulanan dinamika thermal front di Laut Banda yang dipengaruhi oleh arus sejajar pantai dan eddy. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Suhu Permukaan Laut (SPL) dari tahun 2006 hingga 2020. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata kejadian thermal front yang terdeteksi adalah sebanyak 1.385 kejadian per bulan berdasarkan jumlah piksel, dan 17 kejadian berdasarkan jumlah poligon. Jumlah maksimum kejadian thermal front terjadi pada bulan Desember (2.416 kejadian), dan jumlah minimum terjadi pada bulan November (883 kejadian). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa eddy antisiklonik (AE) dan eddy siklonik (CE), terjadi dengan durasi rata-rata 11,419 hari untuk AE dan 11,812 hari untuk CE. Kedua fenomena ini berkaitan dengan penurunan SPL, peningkatan konsentrasi klorofil-a permukaan laut, serta penurunan tinggi muka laut, yang menunjukkan terjadinya 


Keywords


Arus eddy; Ekman pumping; Ketinggian permukaan laut; Klorofil permukaan laut; Thermal front

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.32693/jgk.23.1.2025.897

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