KARAKTER MASA AIR DI LAUT SULAWESI BERDASARKAN ANALISIS FORAMINIFERA KUANTITATIF

Marfasran Hendrizan, Widiyanti C. A., R. E. Prabowo, Munasri Munasri, Nazar Nurdin

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.32693/jgk.17.1.2019.562

Abstract


Kumpulan foraminifera dari sedimen Sumur STA 3 (0.8897°N, 119.0865°E, kedalaman laut 1294 m) di Laut Sulawesi diteliti untuk memahami ciri lingkungan purba pada lokasi sumur. Situasi modern menunjukkan Laut Sulawesi menjadi jalur Arus Lintas Indonesia (Arlindo) yang mentransport masa air dari Samudra Pasifik hingga Samudra Hindia. Studi ini difokuskan pada indeks ekologi untuk membuat struktur komunitas foraminifera dan mengeavaluasi dinamika komunitas foraminifera yang terekam di inti Sumur STA 3. Metode yang digunakan dalam studi ini adalah observasi naturalistik meliputi preparasi sampel, kumpulan foraminifera (penjentikan dan identifikasi), dan analisis data. Analisis data kumpulan foraminifera menggunakan Paleontological Statistics (PAST) dari kelimpahan, keanekaragaman spesies Shannon-Winner (H’), indeks dominan (D), dan indeks kemerataan Pileou (J’). Analisis kluster dilakukan untuk menentukan kelompok sampel dikelompokkan berdasarkan kesamaan kumpulan foraminifera. Identifikasi foraminifera pada inti sedimen STA 3 terdiri dari 44 spesies foraminifera plankton dan 100 spesies foraminifera bentik. Indeks ekologi dari kumpulan foraminifera memperlihatkan keanekaragaman spesies berkisar antara 2.57 hingga 3.07, kisaran nilai dominan antara 0.07 hingga 0.13, dan indeks kemerataan berkisar antara 0.72 hingga 0.8. Analisis kluster memperoleh 3 kelompok lingkungan berdasarkan komposisi spesies mengindikasikan perubahan lingkungan yang tidak signifikan di sepanjang inti sedimen. Kumpulan foraminifera pada inti sedimen STA 3 mencerminkan karakteristik masa air hangat, kondisi oksigen rendah, dan asupan organik tinggi.

Kata Kunci: Foraminifera, Struktur komunitas, analisis statistik, massa air, Laut Sulawesi.

 

Foraminifera assemblages of marine sediment core STA 3 (0.8897°N, 119.0865°E, depth of 294 m) in Sulawesi Sea was investigated to understand paleoenvironment feature in this core site. Modern situation shows that Sulawesi Sea provides a pathway for Indonesian Throughflow (ITF) which transports watermasses from Pacific to Indian Ocean. This study focused on the ecological indices to establish community structure of foraminifera and to evaluate community dynamic as recorded in core STA 3. Method used in this study was naturalistic observation consisting of sample preparation, foraminiferal assemblage (picking and identification), and data analysis. Data analysis of foraminifera assemblages was applied using Paleontological Statistics (PAST) of relative abundance, species diversity of Shannon-Wiener (H’), dominance indices (D), and Pileou evennes indices (J’). Cluster analysis was performed to determine how samples group based on the similarity of foraminiferal assemblages. Foraminifera identification in core STA 3 contains 44 species of planktonic foraminifera and 100 species of benthic foraminifera. Ecological indices of foraminiferal assemblages show species diversity of foraminiferal assemblages with a range value between 2.57 and 3.07, range of dominance values from 0.07 to 0.13, and evennes values fluctuate from 0.72 to 0.8. Cluster analysis reveals 3 clusters environment based on species composition which indicate no significant environmental changes in the entire core record. Foraminiferal asemblages in core STA 3 reflect watermass characteristics with warm water column, low bottom-water oxygenation, and high organic influx conditions. 

Keywords: Foraminifera, community structure, statistical analysis, watermass, Sulawesi Sea.


Keywords


Foraminifera;Struktur komunitas;analisis statistik;massa air;Laut Sulawesiysis;watermass; Sulawesi Sea

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.32693/jgk.17.1.2019.562

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