RESPON SINGKAT KONSENTRASI KLOROFIL-A TERHADAP PERUBAHAN ARUS EDDY PERMUKAAN DI WILAYAH PERAIRAN TELUK TOLO DAN SEKITARNYA

Gandhi Napitupulu, Annisa Aulia Lukman, Rahaden Bagas Hatmaja, Aditya Rakhmat Kartadikaria, Ivonne Milichrisiti Radjawane, Ananda Vista Millina, M Apdillah Akbar, Moses Napitupulu

Abstract


Upwelling, sebuah proses oseanografi yang sangat penting, memperkaya air permukaan dengan massa air yang kaya nutrisi dari lapisan yang lebih dalam. Upwelling dapat terjadi sebagai respon dari dinamika arus eddy, dan ini kami temukan salah satunya di perairan Teluk Tolo dan sekitarnya. Penelitian ini menganalisis pengaruh arus eddy terhadap upwelling di wilayah tersebut dengan menggunakan data citra satelit dari Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service (CMEMS),  Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) dan model klimat dari ECMWF Reanalysis v5 (ERA 5). Data suhu permukaan laut (SST), klorofil-a permukaan laut (SSC), tinggi permukaan laut (SSH), dan angin permukaan laut (SSW) digunakan untuk memahami bagaimana arus eddy memengaruhi upwelling di wilayah kajian selama periode 15 tahun pengamatan (tahun 2006 hingga 2020). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan jumlah arus eddy yang terbentuk adalah 341 buah (195 buah untuk eddy siklonik (CE) dan 146 buah untuk eddy antisiklonik (AE)). Jumlah maksimum CE (AE) ditemukan pada bulan Januari dan Juni (bulan Juli dan Oktober) serta minimum pada bulan September (bulan Mei). CE menyebabkan anomali negatif SST serta anomali positif SSC dengan perubahan signifikan setelah dua hari CE terbentuk. Karakteristik anomali SST dan SSC pada CE didukung melalui nilai EPV (Ekman pumping velocity) positif (maksimum 3,5x10-6 m/s) yang mengindikasikan adanya upwelling. Sedangkan AE menyebabkan anomali positif SST serta anomali negatif SSC, dan mulai berubah tiga hari setelah AE terbentuk dengan nilai EPV negatif (minimum -1,1x10-6 m/s) yang menandakan adanya downwelling. Pengaruh eddy pada perairan Teluk Tolo dan sekitarnya terhadap upwelling lebih dominan dibandingkan dengan pengaruh angin pada bulan Juni, Juli, dan Agustus.


Keywords


Arus eddy, Ekman Pumping Velocity, Sea Surface Chlorophyll, Sea Surface Height, Sea Surface Temperature

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.32693/jgk.22.1.2024.877