PROSES PERTUMBUHAN DELTA BARU SUNGAI CIMANUK HINGGA TAHUN 2002, DI PANTAI TIMUR KABUPATEN INDRAMAYU, JAWA BARAT
Abstract
Kawasan garis pantai timur kabupaten Indramayu ditutupi oleh endapan aluvium yang cukup luas. Proses sedimentasi pada garis pantai saat ini masih berlangsung, disebabkan oleh sungai Cimanuk yang bermuara di daerah ini. Sungai tersebut membawa material sedimen dalam jumlah besar. Sedimen ini tersebar di L. Jawa dan diendapkan kembali di garis pantai, yang mengakibatkan pantai timur Indramayu mengalami akrasi dan membentuk delta.
Tahun 1947 aliran sungai Cimanuk mengalami perubahan, salah satu bagian aliran sungai mengalir ke arah utara-timur, jalan terdekat menuju garis pantai membentuk delta baru dengan tipe telapak kaki burung (birdfoot-type delta). Kandungan lumpur sungai Cimanuk dapat mencapai rata-rata 53,6 juta ton/tahun, akibatnya kawasan muara sungai Cimanuk mengalami pendangkalan (akresi) yang sangat cepat dan luas. Proses pendangkalan ini dapat dipantau dari perubahan garis pantai sejak tahun 1947 hingga 2002 melalui penginderaan jauh citra satelit.
Kata kunci : sedimentasi, garis pantai, akresi, delta dan lumpur.
The east coast of the Indramayu District is covered by a widely spread alluvial deposit. The sedimentation process is still continuing caused by the drainage of the Cimanuk River flowing to the east coast. This river carries away a huge number of the sediment materials. This material, being widely distributed in Jawa sea water and are redeposited on the coastal zone, causing the east coast of Indramayu accreting and forming delta.
In 1947 the drainage of the Cimanuk River has changed, one of the tributary is running away to the north-east direction, which is the shortest way to the coastline, and forming a new birdfoot type delta. The mud material of the Cimanuk River can reach approximately 53.6 million ton/year, consequently, the mouth of the Cimanuk River has rapidly and widely shallowed. The accretion processes can be monitored by the changed of the coastline from 1947 to 2002 by using satellite imagery.
Key words : sedimentation, coastline, acresion, delta and mud.
Tahun 1947 aliran sungai Cimanuk mengalami perubahan, salah satu bagian aliran sungai mengalir ke arah utara-timur, jalan terdekat menuju garis pantai membentuk delta baru dengan tipe telapak kaki burung (birdfoot-type delta). Kandungan lumpur sungai Cimanuk dapat mencapai rata-rata 53,6 juta ton/tahun, akibatnya kawasan muara sungai Cimanuk mengalami pendangkalan (akresi) yang sangat cepat dan luas. Proses pendangkalan ini dapat dipantau dari perubahan garis pantai sejak tahun 1947 hingga 2002 melalui penginderaan jauh citra satelit.
Kata kunci : sedimentasi, garis pantai, akresi, delta dan lumpur.
The east coast of the Indramayu District is covered by a widely spread alluvial deposit. The sedimentation process is still continuing caused by the drainage of the Cimanuk River flowing to the east coast. This river carries away a huge number of the sediment materials. This material, being widely distributed in Jawa sea water and are redeposited on the coastal zone, causing the east coast of Indramayu accreting and forming delta.
In 1947 the drainage of the Cimanuk River has changed, one of the tributary is running away to the north-east direction, which is the shortest way to the coastline, and forming a new birdfoot type delta. The mud material of the Cimanuk River can reach approximately 53.6 million ton/year, consequently, the mouth of the Cimanuk River has rapidly and widely shallowed. The accretion processes can be monitored by the changed of the coastline from 1947 to 2002 by using satellite imagery.
Key words : sedimentation, coastline, acresion, delta and mud.
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PDF (Bahasa Indonesia)DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.32693/jgk.5.3.2007.139
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